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Maximilian Raoul "Max" Steiner (May 10, 1888December 28, 1971) was an Austrian-born American composer of music for theatre and films. He was a child prodigy who conducted his first operetta when he was twelve and became a full-time professional, either composing, arranging or conducting, when he was fifteen. He worked in England, then Broadway, and moved to Hollywood in 1929 where he became one of the first composers to write music scores for films. Steiner is referred to as "the father of film music"〔, trailer to documentary film〕 and is considered one of the greatest film score composers in the history of cinema.〔 Along with such composers as Dimitri Tiomkin, Franz Waxman, Erich Wolfgang Korngold, Alfred Newman, Bernard Herrmann, and Miklós Rózsa, Steiner played a major part in creating the tradition of writing music for films. Steiner composed over 300 film scores with RKO and Warner Brothers, and was nominated for 24 Academy Awards, winning three: ''The Informer'' (1935), ''Now, Voyager'' (1942), and ''Since You Went Away'' (1944). Besides his Oscar-winning scores, some of Steiner's popular works include ''King Kong'' (1933), ''Little Women'' (1933), ''Jezebel'' (1938), ''Casablanca'' (1942), ''The Searchers'' (1956), ''A Summer Place'' (1959), and the film score for which he is possibly best known, ''Gone with the Wind'' (1939). He was also the first recipient of the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score, which he won for his score to ''Life with Father''. Steiner was a frequent collaborator with some of the most famous film directors in history, including Michael Curtiz, John Ford and William Wyler, and scored many of the films with Errol Flynn, Bette Davis, Humphrey Bogart and Fred Astaire. Many of his film scores are available as separate soundtrack recordings. ==Early years== Steiner was born on May 10, 1888, in Austria-Hungary, the only child of a wealthy business and theatrical family of Jewish heritage.〔〔Neale, Steve, ed. ''Classical Hollywood Reader'', Routledge (2012) p. 235〕〔Volkov, Shulamit. ''Germans, Jews, and Antisemites: Trials of Emancipation'', Cambridge Univ. Press (2006) p. 42〕 He was named after his paternal grandfather, Maximilian Steiner (1830–1880), credited with first persuading Johann Strauss, Jr. to write for the theater. He was also the influential manager of Vienna's historic Theater an der Wien, recognized for staging celebrated works of theatre, opera and symphony since 1801.〔Thomas, Tony. ''Max Steiner: Vienna, London, New York, and Finally Hollywood'', (Max Steiner Collection ), Brigham Young University 1996〕 His father was Gabor Steiner (1858–1944), Viennese impresario, carnival exposition manager, and inventor, responsible for building the giant Ferris wheel in the Prater, known as the Wiener Riesenrad. Steiner's mother was a dancer in stage productions put on by his grandfather.〔MacDonald, Laurence E. ''The Invisible Art of Film Music: A Comprehensive History'', Ardsley House (1998) p. 26〕 His godfather was the composer Richard Strauss.〔(Hollywood in Vienna )〕 His parents sent Steiner to the Vienna University of Technology, but he expressed little interest in scholastic subjects. He then enrolled in the Imperial Academy of Music, where, due to his precocious musical talents and private tutoring by Robert Fuchs and Gustav Mahler, he completed a four-year course in only one year. He studied various instruments including piano, organ, violin, double bass, and trumpet. He also had courses in harmony, counterpoint, and composition.〔 For his early achievement he was awarded a gold medal by the academy.〔 Steiner credits his family for inspiring his early musical abilities, and writes of his father: 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Max Steiner」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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